Parents should pay close attention to their children's physical development to adjust deficiencies in time.Valgus deformation of foot in children is a frequent pathology.Although the defect is congenital or acquired, diagnosis, prevention and correction methods are similar.
What is a valgus foot and flat valves
The term doctors valgus denotes any curvature of the joints within the conditional middle line (axis), in which an accentuated "X-shaped" deviation is noticeable.The most pronounced example of pathology is the bones in the thumbs (Hallux valgs).The deformation of Valgus, which is abbreviated as "Valgus foot" (sun) is the wrong scenario of foot in the horizontal support.If the one year old joins the legs, then the back is noticeable, as the inner ankle approached the opposite limb, and the heel deviated outside.At the same time, a flat child depends mainly on the inside (medial) of the foot.Therefore, the region plants, as it were, "it seems."A variety of the disease is a flat foot (PVs).It combines flat feet with X -shaped curvature in the baby, in addition to the formation of deformation, the foot set gradually.
Valgus's degree of curvature
The stage of negligence of the pathology is determined by the size of the medium axis heel deviation angle.
There are 4 degrees of disease:
- I - up to 15 °;
- II - 15─19 °;
- III - 20─29 °;
- IV - 30 ° or more.
1-2 valgus deformation stage can be eliminated by conservative methods.With 3 degrees, prolonged treatment is required.In 4 steps, surgical correction may be required.
The causes of deformation
There are three factors, as a result of which there is a curvature of the foot: impaired intrauterine development, chronic physical overload, diseases of the musculoskeletal system.These factors weaken the ligaments, tendons, muscles, so that the foot is not fixed by them in a normal anatomical position.
The reasons for the purchased valgus, the flat valve foot (code M21.0 on ICD-10):
- The premature configuration on the legs when the baby's joints are not yet ready for these loads;
- “Wrong” shoes (narrow block with a high heel, without supinators).
- muscle hypotension, congenital myiodistrophy;
- great weight, obesity;
- rickets;
- neuromuscular diseases (polio, children's cerebral palsy, polyneuropathy of various etiologies);
- congenital thigh dislocation and hip joint dysplasia;
- trauma on the foot or bottom of the leg;
- Long -term immobilization of the leg with plaster, tutor or pillow of Freik.
The congenital origin of the defect of valgus and flat valves of the foot structure (code Q66.6 in ICD-10) may be due to abdomen injury transferred by a pregnant woman or a genetic disease.This curvature can be seen immediately after birth, sometimes manifests itself before the baby begins to walk.
How to determine the deformation of the stop
A change in the lower limb configuration is defined along the leg axis.This is the name of the conventional line, visually designed from the center of the hip joint through the knee, ankle to the middle of the calcaneal.The standard implies the passage of the axis through the joint center that should not be displaced to the right or left.
Characteristics Characteristics
In newborn babies, with the innate nature of Valgus, it is found immediately or in the first months of life.Most of the time, signs of a Valgus defect in children appear after a year and a half.The presence of the disease may be suspected by the behavior and march of the baby.Most of the time, the following general symptoms of pathology are found:
- greater flexibility of small joints;
- decreased height of the sole set;
- The displacement of the center of gravity (when trying to walk, the child depends only on the medial side of the foot, its outer edge can rise slightly);
- Uncertain and shuffled brand;
- Quick physical fatigue, the need for rest, to give the baby to relax;
- regular complaints about leg pain, lack of desire to walk;
- Light swelling and redness of the skin on the foot and ankle;
- Unequal wear of shoes, more expressed from the inner edge of the sole.
Methodology to identify deformation
Defect diagnostic methods include an exam with a baby's foot orthopedic, followed by the baby's direction for instrumental examination.It is made an x -ray of the feet in three projections to discover the degree of bone displacement.They also perform a planetography to determine the height of the burning and the degree of gravity of the flat feet.Using the meter post, the pressure center on the sole is calculated.This is an effective diagnostic method as it allows you to identify valgus deformations in the early stages.Sometimes, to clarify the results of the exam, an ultrasound of the foot is made.The visual signs of pathology are the only, slightly turned and high in the lateral direction, the displacement of the heel, out of the middle line.With flat valve deformation, the disappearance of the safe, the flattening of the foot is observed.To exclude the neurological causes of the defect, the orthopedist directs the child to a narrow expert.
Correction methods
To eliminate the valgus, the main tasks are to give the correct position and the subsequent strengthening of ligaments attached to the heel and muscle tendons.
Fixation of the joint in a conservative way
With an innate defect, plaster sauces or tutors are used.The purpose of rigid foot fixation at the right angle is to eliminate the curvature by immobilization.Although ossification is not completed, tissues are elastic, so they are easily subject to such correction.With the defect of Valgus acquired, to return the correct setting of the foot, the orthopedic shoes are made to the child.Should not cause discomfort when used.A special insole has rigid side supercinators, a soft pillow (plaot) under the foot.These shoes are also recommended to use during rehabilitation after surgery and to consolidate treatment results.
A variety of insoles with a Valgo foot
Experts recommend ordering orthoses, shoes or insoles for children in orthopedic halls, according to individual foot sizes and molds.The price of the product will be slightly higher, but the use will provide a more noticeable result.
Strengthening small joints
For hardening muscles and general tonic of the lower ends, it is recommended to use contrasting foot baths.For this, the feet are plunged alternately into a container with cold, hot water.They start at a temperature of 36 ° C with a liquid, so this value is changed each week by 1 ° C, gradually taking a range of 14 to 40 ° C.
It is useful to do the following exercises:
- Alternative walk in socks, internal and external edges of the sole;
- collecting small objects, holding fabric or paper, drawing with the toes;
- Sking the Ball Sole on the floor;
- a set of finger exercises (bending, reproduction and closing);
- Walking in pebbles and an irregular surface.
The orthopedist can prescribe a lumbar spine massage course, affected by the lower limb or both legs.It is ideal to perform it after heating with paraffin or ozoceritic application.The muscles of the inner surface of the legs are acted by tonic massage movements (covering, kneading).The outer surface of the legs should be massaged with relaxing techniques - caressing, rubbing.
Physiotherapeutic procedures
If the deformation of the foot caused inflammation of joint structures, muscle tendons, the child receives electrophoresis with analgesics and anti -inflammatory drugs, magnetotherapy, black wax application, paraffin and therapeutic mud.For selective muscle stimulation, diabinamic currents are used.
Surgical treatment
In early childhood, radical therapy methods are not used.But if the defect interferes with the normal walk, the operation will be done for young children.During surgical intervention, doctors using metallic elements (titanium wire, screws, plates) correct the deformed joint in a normal position.Surgeons can also strengthen the joint by moving the fibula tendon or stretching the Achilles tendon.After these operations, rehabilitation includes the use of orthopedic products, massage, physical therapy and physical therapy.
Preventive measures
To prevent the deformation of Valgus from the foot, you need to buy a comfortable child, corresponding to the size of the leg, the anatomical structure of the foot.How to choose - Watch the recommendations of E.O.Komarovsky in the video.The doctor says about the disease that this is a frequent violation in children and helps to properly form the foot to be formed until the age of 12.The teenager probably needs an operation to correct the pronounced defect of the foot.The child should walk barefoot in the sand, grass, walk a lot, eat completely.Dosped sunbathing prevents rickets in children, which is one of the causes of the disease.Physical education, body hardening, regular general strengthening massage courses.The gymnastics for the foot muscles is also important, including the creation of one leg pattern in the sand.Active outdoor games, swimming also contribute to strengthening muscles and ligaments of the lower extremities.All of these measures prevent the development of feet defects.It is prohibited to put the child's legs up to 7.5 gra p p .8 months, when the joints and bones of the lower extremities have not yet been strengthened.It is unacceptable to lose planned pediatrician exams and narrow experts, which allow you to identify the pathology at an early stage.
Doctors answers to parents' questions
How to alert the congenital deformation of Valgo?Unfortunately, the addiction of the development of the musculoskeletal system cannot be avoided.Even if they could not find deviations at the hospital, the baby should be inspected regularly by a pediatrician, receive massage, barefoot on an irregular but safe surface to the legs.At home, it is recommended to use a massage rug.The acquisition of high quality shoes also helps to put the foot in the correct position to form a set of physiological heights.This prevention will interrupt the progression of the congenital Valgus foot.
Which doctor treats the pathology?
If necessary, the pediatrician directs the baby to the children's orthopedist, traumatologist, surgeon.
What is a variety of foot?
Varus deviations are the displacement of the heel bone within the middle line.In this case, the whole foot is very high and the pressure center is moved to the outer edge of the sole.A defect is treated with the same methods as the deformation of the valgus, only the deviation angle is adjusted from the opposite side of the foot.
Deformation of Valgus from the foot to children: consequences and correction
Valgo deformation of the foot is a pathological change in the musculoskeletal system, in which the height of the foot set decreases and the lower extremity axis changes.
The defect can be congenital or develop in childhood, bringing boring feet, violation of posture and other health problems.As a rule, it is conservatively adjusted, during long collection therapy, massage, physiotherapy.With regular deformation work, you can get a proper configuration of the confident leg and gear.
Flat valve deformation of the feet in sinthomas
This leg defect can be recognized by the following external signs:
- The foot is full of internal rib, the child rests on the inside of the foot;
- The heel and fingers are deployed out;
- The middle part of the foot is flat or notably lowered;
- When the knees are reduced, the legs acquire an eyebrow form IX, the legs do not converge together, among them the distance of about 4-5 cm remains;
- Uncertain and clumsy brand, the child often arrested, drags;
- The boy quickly gets tired on a walk.
When can a defect manifest themselves?
The arc of the foot begins to form from the moment the baby tries to take the first steps.For babies, a flat foot is considered the norm.By assuming a vertical position independently, children develop a muscle system, “they get used to new functions.Bones and ligaments begin to experiment loads, the foot is strengthened and takes the correct anatomical form.This usually happens up to 1.5 years.If, at this age, the coffers remain flat, there is no formed curve, doctors define this as deformation of the foot.As a rule, violations are detected in medical examinations, but if parents have noticed independently the above signals, you will need to contact an orthopedic immediately.If you start adjustment as early as possible, the restoration will be faster and without serious consequences.
Conclusion
Parents need to devote the maximum time to prevent defects in the baby's physical development, including gymnastics, massage courses and other recreational activities.If Valgus deformation of the foot in children is not eliminated by conservative treatment, you will need to agree with surgical intervention to correct the form of the foot.After all, advanced pathology is full of arthrosis development, spine diseases and limb shortening.